Motif definition

Here is a succinct definition of motif from a chapter of Carol Ann Tomlinson and Caroline Cunningham Eidson's book Differentiation in Practice. The chapter is written by Lyn Fairchild.

Here's how Fairchild defines motif.

"A motif is a physical element (such as blood) or some other image or idea that, in itself, does not have any particular meaning or represent any higher truth; it just is. However, when an author uses this element repeatedly in various places within a literary work, a reader can begin to draw conclusions about a higher truth or meaning."

Paradox vs. Oxymoron

Here are a couple of more lit terms from Fairchild's chapter. These will be useful for you in today's lesson on the character of Macbeth. Here's Fairchild's description of paradox, a literary device we've seen a few times in Act I:

"A paradox is a contradiction in terms, a truth that contains contradictory elements. For example, in your relationship with a family member or friend, you may experience the emotions of both love and hatred - two sentiments that are in deep opposition. The truth is, however, that you and this person are forever connected in this relationship, for better or for worse" (93).

And here's a bonus - Fairchild's definition of oxymoron:

"Also known as 'compressed conflicts,' oxymorons are opposites that attract to achieve a certain chaotic balance, or a peaceable war. Ambiguity is the name of the game in Shakespeare's world when it comes to human nature: Our motivations and dilemmas all take on varying shades of gray" (93).

Fairchild notes, and so should you, that sometimes a phrase can be both a paradox and and oxymoron, like maybe "fated coincidence."